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A late 19th century map of the Minahasa Peninsula, northern Celebes (Sulawesi), marked with the locations of mines (‘mÿnen’). The red borders indicate areas for ‘mijnbouwkundig onderzoek [mining research]’.

On this map of the east coast of northern Sumatra, red borders divide the land into agricultural properties, each with a number to identify it. The whole area is divided into colour-coded administrative districts.

Map of Java and Madura showing routes, especially for trading purposes, including railways, tramways, roads, ports for steamship services, harbours for different types of imports and exports. A list of train and tram routes is included.

Map of Sumatra and surrounding islands, with residencies—administrative districts—shown by coloured borders. There are inset maps of two residencies surrounding Padang, and of Groot-Atjeh (Aceh). Rivers, railways, roads and settlements are marked.

This detailed late 19th century map shows Java divided into regencies, and features mountains, land and sea routes, and an inset map of the port city of Batavia (Jakarta). It was designed to be folded within book covers so it could be easily carried.

This map shows agricultural enterprises in eastern Java in the late 19th century. Land ownership, crops (cassava, kapok, peanuts, tobacco), factories (oil, sugar, coffee), and the offices of government officials are also shown.

Details of each area’s resources are printed on this map of Sumatra: rattan, coffee, pepper, Chinese cinnamon, tobacco, resins, camphor, cotton, coal, gold, lumber, elephants, horses, as well as the locals’ ethnicity (Malays, Javanese, Acehnese).

This map of Sumatra is divided into administrative areas called ‘residencies’, which include the surrounding islands such as the Riau Archipelago and islands in the South China Sea.

This detailed late 19th century map shows Java divided into regencies, and features mountains, roads, railways, and rivers. There is also an inset map of the port city of Batavia (Jakarta).

A map of the watershed of the Bila and Pane rivers in northern Sumatra. In addition to many rivers/tributaries, mountains, roads, paths and administrative borders are marked. Side views of mountains (elevations) are shown to use a landmarks.

Map of tobacco plantations in three regencies on the east coast of Sumatra. Each plantation is marked in red with the name of the brand under which its tobacco is imported into the Netherlands. Roads, railways and rivers are also shown.

The use of hachures—short lines/dashes that give a sense of the shape and steepness of terrain—highlight the mountain ranges along the west coast of Sumatra, with rivers flowing east. There is an inset map of the residency of Groot-Atjih (Aceh).