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A map of a small island chain off the west coast of the island of Gilolo (modern Halmahera in the Maluku Islands of Indonesia). The military forts and ships were used by the European colonial powers during conflicts over the area’s spice trade.

A map of Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Bathymetry (sea depth) is marked, including on an inset map of Batavia harbour. Illustrations include Batavia Castle, and a lion—representing Belgium—receiving tribute and enslaving locals.

A map of west Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Details include sea depth, an inset map of Batavia harbour, and an illustration of a lion—representing Belgium—receiving tribute and enslaving locals. A similar map of east Java was made.

A map of eastern Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Bathymetry (sea depth) is marked, and there is a painting of Batavia harbour and castle. A similar map depicting western Java was also produced, as were maps featuring both parts.

A map of west Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Details include sea depth, an inset map of Batavia harbour, and an illustration of a lion—representing Belgium—receiving tribute and enslaving locals. A similar map of east Java was made.

A map of eastern Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Bathymetry (sea depth) is marked, and there is a painting of Batavia harbour and castle. A similar map depicting western Java was also produced, as were maps featuring both parts.

A map of Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Bathymetry (sea depth) is marked, including on an inset map of Batavia harbour. Illustrations include Batavia Castle, and a lion—representing Belgium—receiving tribute and enslaving locals.

A map of Java with mountains, jungles, animals and crops. Bathymetry (sea depth) is marked, including on an inset map of Batavia harbour. Illustrations include Batavia Castle, and a lion—representing Belgium—receiving tribute and enslaving locals.

A navigation map of the Banda Islands marked with bathymetry (sea depth), shoals and anchor points. On the island of Goenonghapy (Banda Api), a volcano erupts (‘api’ means ‘fire’ in Indonesian), and there is a military fort (‘Campa Nga’) on Nera.

This mid-17th century map of Southeast Asia is from Isaac Commelin’s book describing the voyages of the Dutch East India Company ‘Begin ende voortgangh…’. There is an inset map of the island of Botton (Buton Island, southeast of Celebes (Sulawesi)).

This small island chain off the west coast of Gilolo (Halmahera in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia), was an important area for the spice trade. Latin text on the reverse describes the trade/islands. North is located to the right, rather than the top.