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The routes taken by the French civil servant and explorer Auguste Pavie are marked on this map of Siam (Thailand) and Cambodge (Cambodia), along with the telegraph line that he subsequently constructed from Pnom Penh (Phnom Penh) to Bangkok.

Although this map focuses on French colonial possessions in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and India, a small part of Southeast Asia is shown: labelled ‘Birmans’, it was part of the Birman Empire (modern Myanmar).

Although this map focuses on French colonial possessions in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and India, a small part of Southeast Asia is shown: labelled ‘Birmans’, it was part of the Birman Empire (modern Myanmar).

Although this map focuses on French colonial possessions in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and India, a small part of Southeast Asia is shown: labelled ‘Birmans’, it was part of the Birman Empire (modern Myanmar).

Although this map focuses on French colonial possessions in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and India, a small part of Southeast Asia is shown: labelled ‘Birmans’, it was part of the Birman Empire (modern Myanmar).

Map of Dutch colonial territory in Southeast Asia, including the administrative areas of Java and Madura. Two maritime routes are marked from Batavia to the Maluku Islands: of the brig ‘Douga’ in 1825, and by Baron Godert van der Capellen in 1824.

Map of Dutch colonial territory in Southeast Asia, including the administrative areas of Java and Madura. Two maritime routes are marked from Batavia to the Maluku Islands: of the brig ‘Douga’ in 1825, and by Baron Godert van der Capellen in 1824.

Map of Java divided into Dutch administrative areas (‘residencies’), and the Empire of Soerakarta and Kingdom of Djokjakarta, which were under indigenous rule (a note records the territories these indigenous areas lost in the Java War (1825–1830)).

A French map of the Asian colonial possessions of the Netherlands (Dutch East Indies), with an inset map of the island of Java. Colonies of Britain (Malay Peninsula), Spain (the Philippines) and Portugal (parts of Floris and Timor) are also marked.

A French map of the Asian colonial possessions of the Netherlands (Dutch East Indies), with an inset map of the island of Java. Colonies of Britain (Malay Peninsula), Spain (the Philippines) and Portugal (parts of Floris and Timor) are also marked.

Colonial possessions of the Dutch, Spanish and Portuguese, as well as lands of ‘indigenous princes’ are marked with coloured borders on this map of maritime Southeast Asia. Hot springs and mineral water springs in Java are also listed.