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The red lines on this hand-drawn map of the southern part of Lake Toba, Sumatra, mark two ‘signal routes’ [‘sein route’]. Both start and return to the town of Balige on the lake’s southern shore. Dates on one of the routes cover four days.

Detailed topographical map of the east coast of Sumatra, spread over 36 sheets plus a cover sheet of the whole area. Mountains and forests dominate, with villages, routes and administrative borders shown. With five inset maps of individual towns.

Map of the city of Padang on the west coast of Sumatra, with inset maps of the nearby islands, featuring residential, business, government and military areas. There are also agricultural areas with coconut, nutmeg, bamboo, nipa palm and sago palm.

From a Dutch geographical society journal, this map of the west coast of Atjeh (Aceh), Sumatra, shows shoals, reefs, bathymetry (sea depth) and anchor points. On land, there are mountains (with heights), rivers, pepper plantations and rice fields.

This map is colour-coded to show the different languages and dialects spoken in Sumatra in the late 19th century.

On this map of Southeast Asia, numerous small islands, shoals and reefs are marked and named, especially in the South China Sea and around the Sunda and Maluku islands. Submarine cables to carry telegraph messages around the region are also shown.

A map of the department of Deli, Java, divided into administrative districts, and spread over eight sheets. Rivers, railways, roads and paths, forests and mountains, and crops—rice, coconut, pepper, nutmeg, alang-alang—are marked.

British Burma is shown on the right of this two-sheet map of India. The green areas had come under British rule after the first and second Anglo-Burmese wars, with Upper Burma (light brown) being incorporated after the Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885).

Hand-drawn map of the district of Toba at the southern shore of Lake Toba, Sumatra, further divided into administrative areas (details of which are listed). Roads and paths are marked, and there are two missionary buildings indicated with crosses.

This map of the Atjeh and its surrounding area (modern province of Aceh, Indonesia) is divided into administrative areas. There is an inset map of the capital city Kota Radja (Banda Aceh), and mountains (with their height) and rivers are marked.

Produced by the Intelligence Branch of the British War Office, this map shows Dutch colonial territories in maritime Southeast Asia, and their political and military divisions in Java and Madura. British and Spanish territories are also marked.

A map of the watershed of the Bila and Pane rivers in northern Sumatra. In addition to many rivers/tributaries, mountains, roads, paths and administrative borders are marked. Side views of mountains (elevations) are shown to use a landmarks.