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A series of four maps of the Indian Ocean—one for each quarter of the calendar year—showing the direction and intensity of the winds, including around the seas of Southeast Asia. There are extensive explanatory notes.

A map of Southeast Asia coloured to indicate the five different language families spoken in the region in the late 19th century. Names of indigenous tribes/languages are marked in red text, with European colonial possessions in grey.

A map of Southeast Asia coloured to indicate the five different language families spoken in the region in the late 19th century. Names of indigenous tribes/languages are marked in red text, with European colonial possessions in grey.

This late 19th century map of Southeast Asia shows the best maritime routes around the region, according to the time of year. There are also inset maps highlighting the rivers and southern islands of Singapore, and the sea depth around Labuan Island.

This detailed map of the Dutch East Indies in the mid-19th century contains a great deal of information: topographical details, settlements and administrative areas, roads, railways and maritime routes, telegraph lines, inset maps etc.

This late 19th century map of Southeast Asia shows the best maritime routes around the region, according to the time of year. There are also inset maps highlighting the rivers and southern islands of Singapore, and the sea depth around Labuan Island.

On the main map, the volcanic regions of Southeast Asia are labelled, active and extinct volcanos are marked, and the 1815 eruption of Tumbora (Mount Tambora on Sumbawa) is highlighted. Even more details are shown on an inset map of Southeast Asia.

Chart of the Indian Ocean, showing climate and weather-related data, including around the seas and straits of Southeast Asia where trade routes are marked, along with monsoon and typhoon regions, and currents during the different monsoon seasons.

Map of the rivers and river basins of Europe and Asia. In Southeast Asia, the Irawady and Menam Kong basins are shown, with their area in square miles (and their area as a multiple of the size of the Pregel River basin).

A world map showing winds, hurricanes and typhoons, including trade winds, calms, typhoon, monsoon and hurricane regions in Southeast Asia. An inset map shows the approach of the Rodriguez Hurricane towards Java in 1843.

A world map, including Southeast Asia, showing rainfall information (darker shading indicates greater rainfall). Southeast Asia lies in the ‘Zone of the Periodical Rains’, and is marked with monsoons and ‘Electrical Explosions’.

World map showing the distribution of plants, including in Southeast Asia (e.g. Areca catechu (betel tree), Calamus, Caryota urens, Altingia, Pinus Dammara (Amboina pine), P. sinensis). With data on plant growth in different temperature zones.