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On this hand-drawn and coloured map of Asia, the colours differentiate the colonial territories of the European powers: for example, New Guinea is divided into Dutch, British and German areas, and Borneo is split between the British and Dutch.

This detailed map of the Dutch East Indies in the mid-19th century contains a great deal of information: topographical details, settlements and administrative areas, roads, railways and maritime routes, telegraph lines, inset maps etc.

Map of a proposed extension of a telegraph system from Rangoon (Yangon, Myanmar) to China. Includes current and projected railways, steam ship routes, and population figures for western China. From the British magazine ‘The Illustrated London News’.

This late 19th century map of Southeast Asia shows the best maritime routes around the region, according to the time of year. There are also inset maps highlighting the rivers and southern islands of Singapore, and the sea depth around Labuan Island.

On the main map, the volcanic regions of Southeast Asia are labelled, active and extinct volcanos are marked, and the 1815 eruption of Tumbora (Mount Tambora on Sumbawa) is highlighted. Even more details are shown on an inset map of Southeast Asia.

Chart of the Indian Ocean, showing climate and weather-related data, including around the seas and straits of Southeast Asia where trade routes are marked, along with monsoon and typhoon regions, and currents during the different monsoon seasons.

Map of the rivers and river basins of Europe and Asia. In Southeast Asia, the Irawady and Menam Kong basins are shown, with their area in square miles (and their area as a multiple of the size of the Pregel River basin).

A world map, including Southeast Asia, showing isothermal lines—lines that join locations of the same temperature—of annual mean temperature. There are also isobars (lines that join locations of the same barometric pressure).

A world map showing winds, hurricanes and typhoons, including trade winds, calms, typhoon, monsoon and hurricane regions in Southeast Asia. An inset map shows the approach of the Rodriguez Hurricane towards Java in 1843.

A world map, including Southeast Asia, showing rainfall information (darker shading indicates greater rainfall). Southeast Asia lies in the ‘Zone of the Periodical Rains’, and is marked with monsoons and ‘Electrical Explosions’.

World map showing the distribution of plants, including in Southeast Asia (e.g. Areca catechu (betel tree), Calamus, Caryota urens, Altingia, Pinus Dammara (Amboina pine), P. sinensis). With data on plant growth in different temperature zones.

Map of important food crops (rice in Southeast Asia). Inset maps of tea, cassia, pepper, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, sugar, coffee. With isothermal lines—lines joining locations of same temperature—of summer and winter temperatures, and plant drawings.