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Coloured borders are used to highlight the colonial territories of the British (red), Dutch (orange), Spanish (red) and Portuguese (blue) on this mid-19th century map of Southeast Asia. An inset map shows the island and strait of Singapore.

Map of Borneo—with insets of Southeast Asia, Sarawak and Labuan—featuring temperature data, volcanoes, English colonial territory, products of Borneo, geology (rock types), bathymetry (sea depth) and elevations (side views of mountains with heights).

Map of Borneo—with insets of Southeast Asia, Sarawak and Labuan—featuring temperature data, volcanoes, English colonial territory, products of Borneo, geology (rock types), bathymetry (sea depth) and elevations (side views of mountains with heights).

Two maps of the Dutch East Indies: one of the whole region, and one of Java alone. Both are divided into administrative regions—e.g. Java is divided into regencies—with coloured borders.

Map of the East Indies, showing Dutch colonial territory (Dutch East Indies) in the mid-19th century. Three inset maps show other Dutch territories outside Southeast Asia.

Two maps of the Dutch East Indies: one of the whole region, and one of Java alone. Both are divided into administrative regions—e.g. Java is divided into regencies—with coloured borders.

Map of the East Indies, showing Dutch colonial territory (Dutch East Indies) in the mid-19th century. Three inset maps show other Dutch territories outside Southeast Asia.

On the main map, the volcanic regions of Southeast Asia are labelled, active and extinct volcanos are marked, and the 1815 eruption of Tumbora (Mount Tambora on Sumbawa) is highlighted. Even more details are shown on an inset map of Southeast Asia.

A world map showing winds, hurricanes and typhoons, including trade winds, calms, typhoon, monsoon and hurricane regions in Southeast Asia. An inset map shows the approach of the Rodriguez Hurricane towards Java in 1843.

Map of important food crops (rice in Southeast Asia). Inset maps of tea, cassia, pepper, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, sugar, coffee. With isothermal lines—lines joining locations of same temperature—of summer and winter temperatures, and plant drawings.

A world map showing distribution of carnivorous animals, including in Southeast Asia. Tables list names of species found in each region; their geographical ranges are marked on the map. There is a drawing of 17 carnivore species of the ‘Old World’.

Mountain chains are represented by black lines; volcanoes by black dots. Three insets maps: expansion of Reguain—island of Taung-ywa, off the coast of Myanmar—due to volcanic activity; geology of Java (with heights of mountains); volcanoes of Luzon.